THE NEXT 5 YEARS, AI DOES THE JOB, HUMANS GIVE DIRECTION
BY HARIO SETO
CHAPTER INDEX
THE CORE SHIFT
CHAPTER 1
AI MOVES INTO EXECUTION
OPERATOR MODE
AI will increasingly run the job end to end: research, draft, build, deploy, report, revise. It doesn’t get tired, it scales instantly, and it improves via iteration.
When execution is a repeatable chain, AI becomes the default worker that keeps shipping outcomes, not just suggestions.
HUMANS MOVE INTO DIRECTION
MASTERMIND MODE
Humans become the mastermind that gives direction. Not “more ideas,” but better decisions: what matters, what to ignore or prioritize, what risks.
When outputs are infinite, the scarce skill is choosing the right target, defining “good,” & steering the system as reality changes.
WHY WORK BECOMES COMPOSABLE
CHAPTER 2
JOBS ARE CHAINS
COMPOSABLE WORK
Most jobs are chains, not a single skill: research > plan > draft > build > distribute > measure > iterate.
AI is strongest on chained work because it can execute each step fast and consistently, then loop back with new inputs. The more modular the work, the easier it is to automate.
EXECUTION BECOMES CHEAP
ABUNDANCE ERA
Writing, coding, design, ad iterations, replies, reporting, QA, summarization.
The marginal cost of “one more version” collapses.
Output becomes abundant.
The bottleneck shifts away from production speed to selection quality: who knows what to make, what to ship, and what to stop.
AI EDGE : ORCHESTRATION
CHAPTER 3
DEFAULT INTERFACE: ORCHESTRATION
DOER SYSTEMS
The winners won’t be single tools.
They’ll be doers that coordinate tools, data, and actions. AI agents will plan tasks, call APIs, operate apps, trigger workflows, recover from errors, & continue.
The interface: “Goal + constraints” > autonomous execution > reporting > iteration.
AI LAYER: OPERATOR
WHAT AI DOES
Runs tasks end to end. Produces outputs in volume. Monitors metrics. Executes revisions. Maintains consistency.
It’s built for repeatability. Operator AI is not just generating text. It is managing steps, state, tools, and retries until the deliverable matches the brief and constraints.
HUMAN EDGE : MASTERMIND
CHAPTER 4
SPOT THE VALUABLE PROBLEM
LEVERAGE FIRST
While many fail when they solve a visible problem, not a valuable one.
Human value rises in identifying leverage, where effort creates disproportionate returns. In an abundance world, production is not the advantage.
Choosing the right problem, market, pain, timing > the real competitive edge.
ASK THE RIGHT QUESTION
FRAME THE SEARCH
AI answers questions.
Humans decide which question worth asking. The question defines the search space, constraints, what “good” means.
Bad questions produce busywork at scale.
Good questions produce clarity: what matters, what proof, what trade-offs, & what outcome.
CHOOSE THE RIGHT HYPOTHESIS
MAKE THE BET
A hypothesis is : “If we do X for Y, we expect Z because…”
AI generate many of these.
Humans choose the one aligned with reality, constraints, risk tolerance, and brand.
The mastermind picks the best bet, defines the test, sets the success metric, & decides whether to double down or pivot.
WHAT STAYS HUMAN
CHAPTER 5
GOAL SELECTION
PICK THE GAME
AI optimizes inside a goal.
Humans choose which goal matters.
This is strategy:
what game you are playing, what you will not do, and what “winning” looks like.
Human sets direction :
Goals, priorities, constraints, success metrics, and timeline.
TASTE AND JUDGMENT
FILTER THE OUTPUT
When execution is abundant, taste becomes the filter.
The mastermind decides what is right for this audience, this moment, & this positioning. It includes: tone, trust, cultural signals, long-term brand memory, & the difference between “works now” & “works sus
TRADE-OFFS UNDER UNCERTAINTY
OWN THE CONSEQUENCES
Real work is constraint navigation: time, budget, brand risk, legal risk, team capacity, politics, and timing.
AI can propose options.
but dont own consequences.
The mastermind chooses the trade-off, accepts risk, & makes the call with incomplete information.
TRUST AND ACCOUNTABILITY
HUMAN SIGN-OFF
People don’t blame the tool. They blame the owner.
Humans approve, validate, sign & carry responsibility.
That’s why direction stays human: ethics, safety, legality & reputational impact.
Human defines guardrails, verification steps & escalation rules before delegating execution to AI.
ETHICS
DRAW THE LINE
AI can execute anything asked to do.
Humans decide what should never be done.
Ethics is not optimization.
It is boundary-setting: what is acceptable, what is harmful, what crosses trust, law, or long-term damage.
The mastermind defines moral limits before speed and scale amplify mistakes.
MULTI-LAYER KNOWLEDGE
INTEGRATE, NOT ONLY GENERATE
Real direction requires combining multiple layers: domain expertise, context, human behavior, timing, culture, constraints, etc.
AI knows fragments.
Humans integrate them into one coherent outcome.
Human connects signals across those layers, decides how shape a single, intentional outcome.
THE WINNING LOOP
CHAPTER 6
THE LOOP
I THINK THIS IS THE LOOP WHERE HUMAN & AI WILL INTERACT
Spot leverage (problem/opportunity)
Ask the right question
Choose the hypothesis
Set goals and constraints
Ask AI to executes
Ask AI reports
Ask AI iterates
Updates direction.
The loop speed is the advantage.
Who runs this loop best will out-ship larger teams.
WHAT'S NEXT
CHAPTER 7
HOW LONG THIS WILL LAST
TIME HORIZON
At least the next 5 years.
Not because AI will stop improving.
But because direction compounds slower than execution.
Execution scales instantly.
Direction requires experience, context, judgment, and accountability.
Those do not compress easily.
WHY EXECUTION MOVES FAST
ACCELERATION MODE
AI improves on speed, cost & autonomy every cycle.
Execution becomes faster, cheaper, and more automated.
Orchestration becomes normal.
Output becomes infinite.
The ability to “do” stops being rare.
It becomes baseline.
WHY DIRECTION MOVES SLOW
HUMAN LAG, HUMAN EDGE
Direction requires experience, context, and consequence.
It depends on taste, ethics, responsibility, and long-term thinking.
These do not compress into compute.
This asymmetry keeps the mastermind role human.
THE REAL BOTTLENECK
UPSTREAM PROBLEMS
For the next 5 years, the hardest work stays upstream :
Choosing the right problem.
Asking the right question.
Making the right hypothesis.
Defining what “good” actually means.
AI can accelerate answers.
It cannot decide meaning.
THE STRUCTURAL SHIFT
NOT A TREND
This is not a temporary advantage.
It is a structural reallocation of value.
Doers are automated.
Operators are AI.
Direction belongs to humans.
WHO WINS
SKILL SELECTION
Those who train execution will be replaced.
Those who train direction will compound and win
The next 5 years reward:
THE MASTERMIND, not makers.
Decision-makers, not producers
System runners, not task doers.
FINAL WORDS
THE GATE IS OPEN, THIS IS JUST THE BEGINNING
This door is open now.
It won't last forever.
But for at least the next 5 years,
human leverage lives in direction.
Train yourself, your kids that skill.
WHY 99% WILL LOSE TO AI (AND HOW TO BE THE 1%)
Standalone StackSlide from the transcript. Chapter pages are separators with only caption + subcaption (no narrative). All content pages use narratives written for clarity and kept under 300 chars.
THE AI TSUNAMI IS COMING
MOST PEOPLE REACT TOO LATE
AI is not a tool upgrade. It is a market rewrite for labor, cost, and speed. Winners reposition before the impact feels obvious. This playbook shows how to detect flood-zone work, move to high ground, automate scripted tasks, and build a durable human edge.
THE RECEDING WATER MOMENT
CH1
YOU HAVE LESS TIME THAN YOU THINK
THE BEACH LOOKS SAFE BEFORE THE WAVE HITS
In a tsunami, the water pulls back first. People feel safe because they are dry, but sensors already see the wall of water racing in. AI is that moment: it looks like demos and hype, yet the disruption is already moving toward jobs and budgets.
THE LAPTOP JOB WARNING
IF IT IS 100% ON A LAPTOP, IT COMPETES WITH PENNIES
If your work is fully on a laptop and repeatable, you are competing with AI priced in cents and improving weekly. You may not be replaced tomorrow, but your leverage shrinks every month. The move is shifting toward judgment, ownership, and trust-based outcomes.
TWO ZONES
HIGH GROUND VS FLOOD ZONE
AI splits careers into two zones. High ground: strategy, outcomes, distribution, trust. Flood zone: scripted execution and projects with weak adoption. Your goal is not to predict timing. Your goal is to choose the zone that stays valuable as automation rises.
MOVE BEFORE IT FEELS URGENT
THE 1% REPOSITION EARLY
Most people wait for layoffs or panic headlines. Winners move when the signal is subtle. Treat today’s calm as your repositioning window: tighten your feedback loops, get closer to customers, and build the skills that remain scarce when execution becomes cheap.
FLOOD ZONE DETECTOR: RAIL
CH2
THE FLOOD ZONE LOOKS GREAT
BEAUTIFUL DEMO, ZERO DAILY USERS
The dangerous place is a product that wins meetings but loses reality. Great UI and fast responses, yet silence when asked about daily users and revenue. If people do not rely on it weekly, it is not a business asset. It is a costly science project.
RAIL IN 50 SECONDS
REVENUE, ACCELERATION, IN-MARKET, LEARNING
RAIL is a fast reality check. Ask four questions: do we have paying users, can we ship value in 2 weeks, is it in real users’ hands, are we learning from real usage. If two answers are no, assume flood-zone risk and reposition fast.
R IS REVENUE
REAL PAYING CUSTOMERS NOW
If the answer is pilots, trials, or someday, that is a red flag. When budgets tighten, revenue protects teams and projects. No clear revenue path means your work becomes optional, then disposable. High ground starts with value customers pay for.
A IS ACCELERATION
CAN YOU SHIP REAL VALUE IN 2 WEEKS
Speed is survival. If you cannot deliver meaningful improvement to users in two weeks, someone else will. AI should remove friction and compress cycles. If AI does not measurably improve speed, cost, or quality, it is not an advantage. It is just expense.
I IS IN-MARKET
IN REAL HANDS, PRODUCING REAL DATA
Internal tools can be fine if real users use them and real data flows back. If the AI sits in a test environment, it is not learning and not improving. A tool that is not used is not an asset. It is a hobby with a budget line.
L IS LEARNING
CUSTOMER REALITY BEATS INTERNAL TESTING
One week watching customers break your product teaches more than six months of internal debate. In AI markets, learning velocity is the moat. If you are not collecting failures, shipping fixes, and iterating continuously, your advantage decays while competitors improve.
RAIL DECISION RULE
IF 2 OF 4 ARE NO, TREAT IT AS DANGER
Do not negotiate with reality. If you fail two RAIL checks, act like you are in the flood zone. Move closer to customers, shorten delivery cycles, instrument usage, and build a learning loop. If you cannot change it, change teams or change direction.
THE 3-LAYER MONEY MAP
CH3
IGNORE THE BUZZWORDS
USE A VALUE MAP, NOT A HYPE MAP
AI feels chaotic: agents, chips, vector DBs, orchestration. Most of that is noise for career decisions. Use a simple map of where money is made. Three layers explain the landscape and stop you from building in the most crowded, capital-heavy zones by mistake.
LAYER 1: INFRASTRUCTURE
CHIPS, CLOUD, ENERGY, MASSIVE CAPITAL
This is the foundation: fabs, chips, cloud capacity, energy. It rewards scale and capital, not small teams. Unless you have enormous funding or dominance, it is hard to compete here. Understand it, but do not assume it is the best place to build your career.
LAYER 2: FRONTIER MODELS
MODEL LABS AND THEIR TOOL ECOSYSTEMS
Frontier models consolidate fast. Features get copied quickly, prices drop, and open models close the gap. Competing as a me-too model is a trap. The giants fight here on scale, data, and distribution. Most newcomers get squeezed on cost and differentiation.
LAYER 3: APPS AND SERVICES
INTERFACES AND OUTCOMES CAPTURE VALUE
This is the high ground for builders. Apps and services sit closest to workflows, budgets, and adoption. Value is captured where real pain is solved and usage becomes weekly or daily. Build what people rely on, not what demos well. Outcomes create defensibility.
3 WAYS TO WIN IN LAYER 3
HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL, SERVICES
Horizontal tools serve everyone and demand strong distribution. Vertical tools go deep into one niche and become essential. Services implement AI inside companies: integration, data cleanup, workflow redesign, QA. Choose based on your edge: audience, domain mastery, or delivery capability.
HORIZONTAL APPS
BIG MARKET, DISTRIBUTION WAR
Horizontal apps can be huge, but competition is intense and differentiation fades. The winner is often the best distributor, not the best engineer. If you go horizontal, treat distribution as the main product: partnerships, channels, virality, and retention loops matter as much as features.
VERTICAL APPS
SMALL MARKET, DEEP OWNERSHIP
Vertical apps win through depth and trust. When you solve one workflow better than anyone, you embed into daily work and create switching costs. This is a strong path to being hard to replace, especially if you have real domain expertise and can validate accuracy.
AI SERVICES
IMPLEMENTATION IS PAID, EVEN WITHOUT SAAS
Many firms cannot execute AI adoption alone. They pay for experts to integrate tools, clean data, redesign workflows, train teams, and keep humans in the loop where accuracy matters. This is a fast cash path: you get paid for setup and measurable impact, not just code.
WHAT GETS CUT FIRST
CH4
THE SHIFT IS ALREADY HAPPENING
BUDGETS MOVE TOWARD AI ADOPTION
The job shock is uneven, but the direction is clear: companies fund AI by cutting roles that do not drive the shift. The safest position is being the person who makes AI adoption real: shipping improvements, measuring impact, and turning tools into outcomes customers value.
STATUS QUO WORK IS EXPOSED
MAINTENANCE WITHOUT IMPACT IS RISKY
If your role is maintaining processes exactly as they are, you are in the danger zone. AI rewards redesign and speed. When budgets tighten, leaders cut what cannot prove impact. Tie your work to cycle time, revenue, quality, or retention. Make your value measurable and visible.
THE CORE PATTERN
SCRIPTED WORK IS AUTOMATED, JUDGMENT STAYS HUMAN
Across industries the pattern repeats: scripted tasks get automated first. Strategic judgment stays human longer: tradeoffs, accountability, ethics, relationship management, edge-case handling, and decisions under uncertainty. Your mission is to migrate your time and identity into that zone.
THE 3-STEP SURVIVAL PLAN
CH5
STEP 1: AUDIT YOUR WORK
SCRIPTED VS STRATEGIC
Track one week of tasks. Label each as scripted or strategic. Scripted is repeatable, template-driven, and easy to document. Strategic requires judgment, context, and ownership. Your goal is to shrink scripted time aggressively, because that is where AI will compete hardest.
SCRIPTED TASK EXAMPLES
AUTOMATE THESE FIRST
Data processing, meeting summaries, standard emails, boilerplate code, formatting decks, recurring reports, admin follow-ups. If you can write the steps, AI can often do most of it already. Do not build a career on tasks that can be priced to near zero.
STRATEGIC TASK EXAMPLES
INVEST HERE
Problem framing, system design, architecture decisions, stakeholder alignment, negotiation, risk management, edge-case detection, quality standards. AI can assist, but humans lead because outcomes carry accountability. This is where you become valuable: you own decisions, not just output.
STEP 2: FIRE YOURSELF FIRST
AUTOMATE BEFORE YOUR BOSS DOES
Build workflows that remove your repetitive work. Use AI to draft, summarize, format, test, and accelerate. Then quantify impact: hours saved, cycle time reduced, errors prevented. When you become the person who increases team output and quality, you become harder to replace.
STEP 3: REINVEST IN HUMAN EDGE
DEEP THINKING BECOMES AN ASSET
Use the reclaimed time for strategic judgment. Protect deep work: quiet time, long walks, reflection, synthesis. Scrolling adds information, not insight. Insight creates leverage: better decisions, better systems, and better outcomes. In an AI era, imagination plus rigor becomes power.
THE PARADOX
LESS VISIBLE EXECUTION, MORE VALUABLE DECISIONS
It may look like less work, but it is higher value work. Execution becomes cheap and fast with AI. Judgment becomes scarce and expensive. Shift from being the fastest producer to being the best evaluator, system designer, and decision maker who can steer outcomes under uncertainty.
THE 3RS OF THE 1%
CH6
RIGOR
DEEP MASTERY THAT MAKES AI RELIABLE
Rigor is deep domain mastery: data, standards, edge cases, and what good looks like. AI amplifies expertise. Without expertise, it amplifies mistakes. Become the person who can evaluate outputs, detect failure modes, and design workflows that produce correct results under real constraints.
RELATIONSHIPS
TRUST BECOMES THE SCARCE RESOURCE
When AI makes content infinite, trust becomes rare. Opportunities still move through people: referrals, partnerships, leadership picks. Invest in real conversations, listening, and follow-through. Be reliable and useful. In a world of similar outputs, the trusted operator wins the room.
RESILIENCE
STAY ADAPTIVE LONGER THAN OTHERS STAY MOTIVATED
Resilience is staying in the game through shocks, pivots, and uncertainty. Build systems that protect energy and learning: routines, feedback loops, shipping habits. If your identity depends on one title, you panic. If it depends on skills and mission, you adapt and re-enter stronger.
WAVE VS WATER
ROLES CHANGE, SUBSTANCE REMAINS
Titles, markets, and tools rise and fall like waves. Your durable assets are the water: rigor, relationships, resilience. Forms change, substance can stay. Build the water and you survive role shifts and industry cycles. Without it, even a strong title can disappear overnight.
EXECUTION CHECKLIST
CH7
YOUR NEXT 7 DAYS
A PRACTICAL REPOSITIONING SPRINT
Day 1: audit tasks and label scripted vs strategic. Day 2: automate one scripted task end-to-end. Day 3: define a 14-day deliverable tied to a real user. Day 4: get feedback. Day 5: ship improvement. Day 6: strengthen one relationship. Day 7: review and repeat.
ONE-SENTENCE POSITIONING
STAY ON HIGH GROUND
I use AI to remove repetitive execution so I can focus on problem framing, system design, stakeholder trust, and measurable outcomes. I do not compete on typing speed. I compete on speed of insight and the quality of decisions that move the business.
CLOSING
CH8
FIND YOUR HIGH GROUND
THERE IS STILL TIME, BUT NOT INFINITE TIME
Use RAIL to escape flood-zone projects. Use the 3-layer map to build where value is captured. Fire yourself from scripted work before others do it to you. Reinvest in strategic judgment. Compound rigor, relationships, and resilience. Then the wave can crash and you still win.
THE FASTEST WAY TO BUILD A ONE-PERSON BUSINESS
YOUTUBE SUMMARY : SILICON VALLEY GIRL
WHAT THIS GUIDE GIVES YOU
CHAPTER 0
A simple path to start a one-person business in 2026: pick one strength, pick one painful problem, validate fast, build depth, de-risk with apprenticeship if needed, then run a 30-day launch sprint with content as your distribution.
AI IS THE BASELINE NOW
CORE IDEA
In 2026, tools are not the advantage. Everyone has access. Your edge is focus, speed, and depth: one niche, one offer, repeated execution, and clear proof of value.
ONE PERSON CAN REPLACE A TEAM
CORE IDEA
A focused solopreneur can do the work of a small startup team by combining one strong skill with AI tools and a tight workflow. The constraint is not tech, it’s clarity and consistency.
FIND YOUR SUPERPOWER
CHAPTER 1
Stop guessing. Identify what you do better than most people, then commit to becoming world-class at that one thing.
ASK FRIENDS WHY YOU MATTER
STEP
Ask 5 to 10 people: “Why are you friends with me?” “Why do you like working with me?” Their answers will cluster into a pattern. That pattern is your real strength, not your resume.
BUILD STRENGTH, NOT WEAKNESS
RULE
You can improve weaknesses a little. You can multiply strengths a lot. Put your time where compounding is highest: the skill you already spike in.
DEPTH BEATS SWITCHING
RULE
Most people lose by switching too early. Careers compound like capital. Stay on one track long enough for compounding to show up: better output, faster delivery, stronger reputation, higher pricing.
VALIDATE A PAINFUL JOB TO BE DONE
CHAPTER 2
Start from the user’s pain, not from your idea. Narrow the niche, learn the workflow, then prototype and test willingness to pay.
START FROM MARKET, NOT TECH
STEP
Pick a narrow niche you can understand deeply. Map their current workflow, their biggest pain point, and what they use today. Your first win is clarity on the problem, not fancy features.
PROTOTYPE IN DAYS
STEP
Build a proof of concept quickly. The goal is not perfection, it’s learning. A rough prototype gives you real conversations, real feedback, and real direction.
ASK THE MONEY QUESTION
STEP
Do not ask “Do you like it?” Ask: “What problem is this solving?” “What is that worth?” “How much would you pay to remove this pain?” Value equals willingness to pay.
HAVE A MOAT DIRECTION
STEP
You do not need a full moat on day one. But you need a direction: what proprietary data, workflow lock-in, or unique insight grows as customers grow and becomes harder to copy?
BET ON OBSESSION
CHAPTER 3
When copying is fast, obsession is the fuel that lasts. The best bet is a topic you will pursue even when it’s hard.
OBSESSION OUTLASTS COMPETITORS
RULE
Big players can copy features quickly. They cannot copy your sustained obsession. If you care more than anyone, you go deeper, learn faster, and keep improving while others quit.
COMMIT 1 TO 2 YEARS
RULE
Real skill takes time. Pick a domain and pour hours consistently. Depth creates quality, speed, and taste. That combination becomes your unfair advantage.
YOUR TACIT KNOWLEDGE IS GOLD
INSIGHT
Your lived experience contains details the internet doesn’t fully capture. Turn that tacit knowledge into a product, service, or workflow. That’s how you build value AI cannot easily replace.
REDUCE RISK WITH APPRENTICESHIP
CHAPTER 4
Before you become the founder, become the operator next to a founder. Borrow experience, speed, and judgment.
BE SOMEONE’S NUMBER TWO
STEP
Work for an experienced entrepreneur for 6 to 24 months if you feel lost. You learn how decisions get made, how sales really happen, and what “entrepreneurship” feels like in real life.
THE 776 APPRENTICESHIP
FRAMEWORK
Find a business with seven-figure revenue and six-figure profit. Work at least six months directly with the founder. This collapses years of guessing into real reps and real exposure.
3 OUTCOMES YOU MUST GET
CHECKLIST
Self-awareness: your strengths and blind spots. Commercial awareness: how profit is made. Resources: access to talent, systems, distribution, credibility, and new opportunities.
LAUNCH WITH FOCUS AND CONTENT
CHAPTER 5
Pick a sharp niche, build a simple content engine, then run a 30-day sprint with one KPI. Treat it like business.
CHOOSE FOUNDER OPPORTUNITY FIT
STEP
Use your origin story, past wins, and mission to pick a niche you can win. Avoid generic big ideas for your first business. Narrow beats broad when you are solo.
BUILD A SIMPLE AI CONTENT SYSTEM
STEP
Content is your distribution. Keep it repeatable: one message, one audience, one format. Publish consistently to earn attention, trust, leads, and feedback.
RUN A 30-DAY LAUNCH SPRINT
STEP
Set one KPI for 30 days: first client, first revenue, or first qualified leads. Track weekly. Make decisions using the KPI, not mood. Small daily output beats big occasional effort.
STOP DOOM SCROLLING
RULE
You do not need more information. You need more reps. Even 15 minutes per day counts if it’s focused: outreach, prototype, content, or customer interviews.
7-DAY STARTER PLAN
CHAPTER 6
A short plan to get momentum this week, even if you are a beginner.
DAY 1: PICK NICHE AND AUDIENCE
DAY 1
Choose one narrow group you can describe in one sentence. Example: “busy real estate agents who need short-form video edits” or “small cafes that need weekly promo content.”
DAY 2: LIST 10 PAIN POINTS
DAY 2
Write 10 problems they complain about. Rank them by urgency and frequency. Pick the top 1. Your first offer should remove one clear pain.
DAY 3: DRAFT ONE OFFER
DAY 3
Write: who it’s for, what you deliver, how fast, and the result. Keep it simple. One offer, one outcome, one price range.
DAY 4: BUILD A TINY PROTOTYPE
DAY 4
Create a sample, mock, demo, or proof. Not perfect. Just enough to show what you mean. The goal is to start conversations with something concrete.
DAY 5: PUBLISH ONE PIECE
DAY 5
Post one clear message: the pain, your solution, and who it’s for. Keep it direct. This is your first distribution test.
DAY 6: TALK TO 3 USERS
DAY 6
Message 3 people in the niche. Ask about their workflow and pain. Show your prototype. Ask what it’s worth to fix. Listen for exact words you can reuse in your marketing.
DAY 7: SET YOUR 30-DAY KPI
DAY 7
Choose one measurable target for 30 days and commit. Example: 1 paid client, 10 qualified leads, or $500 revenue. Then schedule daily actions that directly move that number.
DON'T BUILD AGENTS, BUILD SKILLS INSTEAD
A StackSlide summary of Barry Zhang and Mahesh Murag’s talk on shifting from building whole agents to building reusable, composable agent skills.
FROM AGENTS TO SKILLS
STOP REBUILDING AGENTS FROM SCRATCH
Barry Zhang and Mahesh Murag argue that instead of building a new agent for every domain, we should build skills – modular, reusable blocks of procedural knowledge that any general agent can call when needed.
THE LIMITS OF MONOLITHIC AGENTS
POWERFUL, BUT NOT PRACTICAL ENOUGH
Early agents were domain specific, with custom scaffolding and tools for each use case. They could do impressive demos, but were hard to maintain, lacked consistent domain expertise, and did not scale well across many real world workflows.
CODE AS THE UNIVERSAL INTERFACE
CLAUDE CODE AS A GENERAL PURPOSE AGENT
Anthropic realized that code is a universal interface between models and the digital world. With Claude Code, the agent can run code to search, transform, and integrate data across systems, acting as a general purpose executor rather than a hard wired, domain specific bot.
THE MISSING PIECE: DOMAIN EXPERTISE
WHY GENERAL AGENTS ARE NOT ENOUGH
Even with code execution, agents often lack deep, repeatable domain expertise. Tasks like tax preparation, compliance checks, or complex research need procedural knowledge that is consistent, auditable, and shareable, not reinvented each time in a prompt.
WHAT IS AN AGENT SKILL
PROCEDURAL KNOWLEDGE IN A FOLDER
A skill is essentially an organized folder of files that encodes how to do something. It can contain scripts, prompts, instructions, templates, and configuration. Skills are simple, human readable, and agent readable, and can be versioned, shared, and reused like normal code projects.
SKILLS VS TRADITIONAL TOOLS
FROM STATIC APIS TO LIVING CODE
Traditional tools exposed to agents are often rigid or poorly documented. Skills, by contrast, use code that is self documenting, testable, and composable. They behave like small software components, making it easier to understand, edit, and scale the behavior of agents.
SKILLS AS COMPOSABLE BUILDING BLOCKS
MIX AND MATCH FOR NEW WORKFLOWS
Instead of one giant agent that knows everything, you assemble workflows by combining multiple skills. Each skill solves a narrow problem well, and the agent orchestrates them. This modularity lets teams grow capabilities without rewriting entire agents.
PROGRESSIVE DISCLOSURE OF SKILLS
METADATA FIRST, FULL CONTENT ON DEMAND
To avoid overloading the model context, skills are progressively disclosed. At first, the agent only sees metadata about available skills. When it decides a skill is relevant, the runtime loads that skill’s files and instructions at execution time, preserving context space.
SCALING TO HUNDREDS OF SKILLS
CONTEXT MANAGEMENT AS A DESIGN CONSTRAINT
Because only the needed skills are fully loaded, the system can maintain a large library – potentially hundreds or thousands of skills – without blowing up the context window. The agent loop selectively pulls in the exact procedures required for a given task.
FOUNDATIONAL SKILLS
GENERAL AND DOMAIN SPECIFIC PRIMITIVES
Foundational skills provide common capabilities like document editing, summarization, research workflows, and basic data analysis. Others encode domain specific patterns for areas such as scientific work, financial analysis, recruiting, or legal review.
THIRD PARTY SKILLS
VENDORS BRING THEIR OWN EXPERTISE
Partners can publish skills that integrate their own products. Examples include browser automation from Browserbase or in depth workspace research for Notion. This lets software companies expose powerful workflows to agents without forcing everyone to integrate directly with their APIs.
ENTERPRISE SKILLS
ENCODING HOW YOUR COMPANY ACTUALLY WORKS
Enterprises can build private skills that represent internal best practices – how to use internal tools, how to run specific processes, how to comply with policies. These skills capture institutional knowledge so agents behave like seasoned team members, not interns guessing from scratch.
AN ECOSYSTEM GROWING FAST
THOUSANDS OF SKILLS WITHIN WEEKS
Once the concept shipped, the ecosystem grew quickly. Within weeks, thousands of skills were created across different use cases. This indicates that skills are simple enough for many builders to adopt and flexible enough to represent a wide range of workflows.
SKILLS AND MCP SERVERS
CONNECTIVITY PLUS EXPERTISE
Anthropic’s MCP standard focuses on connecting models to external systems – databases, APIs, SaaS tools. Skills complement this by providing the procedural knowledge of how to use those connections. MCP is the wiring, skills are the playbooks for what to do with that wiring.
NON TECHNICAL USERS CAN BUILD SKILLS
FINANCE, RECRUITING, LEGAL, AND MORE
Skills are intentionally simple so that non engineers – such as finance analysts, recruiters, and lawyers – can participate. They can express their workflows as instructions and simple scripts, making agents more useful without needing to become full time developers.
TREAT SKILLS LIKE SOFTWARE
TESTS, EVALUATION, VERSIONS, DEPENDENCIES
The future of skills looks like modern software engineering. Skills will have tests to verify behavior, evaluation suites to measure quality, versioning for safe updates, and dependency management as they start to rely on each other or external packages.
BETTER TOOLING AROUND SKILLS
INTEGRATION, TRIGGERS, AND METRICS
Tooling will evolve so teams can define when skills should trigger, how they combine, and how to grade outputs. Metrics and dashboards will track performance and help refine skills over time, making agents more predictable and reliable in production settings.
EMERGING GENERAL AGENT ARCHITECTURE
LOOP, RUNTIME, SERVERS, SKILLS
The emerging pattern for general agents includes a central agent loop that manages prompts and responses, a runtime environment for files and code execution, connections to MCP servers for external data and tools, and a skill library that can be loaded on demand.
THE AGENT LOOP
MANAGING CONTEXT AND DECISIONS
The agent loop coordinates everything. It decides when to call the model, when to inspect the file system, when to execute code, when to invoke MCP servers, and when to load or chain skills. It is essentially the control plane for the whole system.
THE RUNTIME ENVIRONMENT
FILES AND CODE AS FIRST CLASS CITIZENS
The runtime provides a file system and code execution environment where skills live and run. This makes agent behavior explicit and inspectable. You can read the files, run the tests, and debug issues like any other software project instead of relying on opaque prompts.
MCP SERVERS AS CONNECTORS
LINKING TO THE OUTSIDE WORLD
MCP servers expose external resources – databases, SaaS apps, internal APIs – in a standard way. Instead of baking every integration into the agent, you plug in MCP servers and let skills call them. This keeps the architecture flexible and easier to extend.
THE SKILL LIBRARY
YOUR ORGANIZATION’S KNOWLEDGE BASE
The skill library is where your organization’s procedural knowledge lives. Over time, this becomes a collective, evolving asset that captures how work is done in your company, from onboarding and analysis to approvals and reporting.
CONTINUOUS LEARNING THROUGH SKILLS
AGENTS THAT IMPROVE OVER TIME
Agents can learn by updating or creating new skills based on feedback and outcomes. Improvements made for one team or project can be shared as updated skills, so the entire organization benefits instead of each agent instance learning in isolation.
CLAUDE AS A SKILL BUILDER
THE AGENT WRITES ITS OWN PLAYBOOKS
Claude itself can help create and refine skills – drafting scripts, organizing instructions, and iterating based on tests and feedback. This makes the system self improving, where the agent is both a user and an author of the skill ecosystem.
COMPUTING ANALOGY: MODEL, OS, APPS
PROCESSORS, OPERATING SYSTEMS, AND SOFTWARE
Anthropic uses a computing analogy. Models are like processors: powerful but limited without structure. Agent runtimes are like operating systems: managing resources, files, and processes. Skills are like applications: they encode real workflows and solve concrete problems for users.
DEMOCRATIZING SKILL CREATION
MILLIONS OF SMALL BUILDERS
The vision is that millions of people can build and share skills, not just AI researchers. By making skills simple, modular, and compatible with existing developer tools like Git and cloud storage, the ecosystem can grow bottom up rather than being driven only by a few large teams.
STOP REBUILDING AGENTS
EXTEND, DON’T START OVER
The core message: stop building new agents for every use case. Start with a strong general agent and extend it with skills. This approach is more scalable, easier to maintain, and better aligned with how organizations and software ecosystems actually evolve.
WHAT BUILDERS SHOULD DO NEXT
THINK IN SKILLS, NOT JUST PROMPTS
If you are building with AI, start mapping your workflows into skills: small, testable procedures in code and text. Use a general agent as the orchestrator. Over time, your skill library becomes your competitive advantage, encoding the way your product or company gets things done.
YOU HAVE ABOUT 36 MONTHS TO MAKE IT
YOUTUBE SUMMARY : DAN KOE
THE 36-MONTH URGENCY
WHY THE CLOCK IS TICKING
The idea: you have ~36 months before “making it” changes forever. AI, money shifts, and culture transitions redefine success rapidly.
DOERS VS DIRECTORS
THE NEW DIVISION OF WORK
Future winners won’t just “do” tasks. They’ll direct people, AI, and systems. Orchestration beats execution in the AI era.
SAM ALTMAN’S POWER TRANSFER
THREE LAYERS OF FREEDOM
Internet gave knowledge, social media gave audience, AI gives automation. Each layer shifted power from gatekeepers to individuals.
THREE SUPERPOWERS YOU HOLD
LEARN. PERSUADE. EXECUTE.
Learning adapts you. Persuasion attracts people. Execution brings ideas to life. These decide who thrives, who gets left behind.
INFINITE PROBLEMS = INFINITE WEALTH
DAVID DEUTSCH’S INSIGHT
Problems never end. Each solution creates value. Wealth and money follow problems. With AI, problem-solving scales infinitely.
TASTE IS THE NEW INTELLIGENCE
WHY CURATION MATTERS
AI floods output. What separates art from noise? Taste, vision, and meaning. Not the hours worked or tools used.
MACHINES VS HUMANS
UTILITY VS MEANING
AI handles speed, repetition, and necessity. Humans bring story, novelty, and soul. Future work = finding the balance.
INDUSTRIAL LIVING IS ENDING
THREE-STEP PREPARATION
Become a philosopher-builder, a filter for ideas, and an AI orchestrator. These traits shape the next generation of leaders.
THE PHILOSOPHER-BUILDER
MERGE DUAL WORLDS
Spiritual + practical. Designer + engineer. Coder + marketer. The new winners merge polar ends into specialized generalists.
FILTER FOR IDEAS
SIGNAL VS NOISE
Mediocrity is easy to mass-produce. Only those with vision and taste who pick the right ideas rise above the flood.
BECOME AN AI ORCHESTRATOR
DIRECT, DON’T DROWN
AI isn’t a “chat box.” It’s a new programming language. Treat prompts as employees. Orchestrate tasks around your vision.
WORDS AS THE NEW BRUSHSTROKES
REDEFINING CREATIVITY
Just like CGI changed film, natural language is the new paintbrush. The “why” and “how” matter more than the tool itself.
FAILURE IS HUMAN
WHAT AI CAN’T REPLACE
We crave risk, emotion, and story. A wedding vow written by ChatGPT won’t make us cry. Meaning is human territory.
THE URGENCY OF CHOICE
36 MONTHS OR WASTED YEARS
You can ignore change—or use urgency to rebuild. The pressure is real, but it’s also the catalyst for reinvention.
AUTOMATION AS SELF-DISRUPTION
OUTSMART YOURSELF FIRST
Try to automate your own job. If you can, someone else will. Better to learn, adapt, and upgrade your skills now.
UBI & MEDIOCRITY
A DELIBERATE CHOICE
With abundance, 99% choose laziness. The 1% who pursue excellence and filter for meaning will rise even higher.
SPECIALIZED GENERALISTS
THE ULTIMATE ADVANTAGE
Not too narrow, not too broad. Blend depth with versatility. This is the human edge AI cannot replace overnight.
ZOOM OUT PERSPECTIVE
CRISIS VS OPPORTUNITY
Up close, AI feels like collapse. Step back, it’s liberation. Mundane tasks vanish, leaving room for creativity and story.
THE FINAL TAKEAWAY
MAKE THE 36 MONTHS COUNT
Future belongs to directors with taste. Orchestrate AI, filter noise, build meaning. That’s how to thrive in the age of acceleration.
AI AGENTS EMERGENCY DEBATE - JOBS VANISHING IN 24 MONTHS
YOUTUBE SUMMARY : THE DIARY OF CEO
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JMYQmGfTltY
AI AGENTS WILL REPLACE JOBS.
AI AGENTS EMERGENCY DEBATE
Many current jobs won’t exist in 24 months due to AI
FROM BOT TO AGENT
AI AGENTS EMERGENCY DEBATE
AI agents differ from chatbots. They set goals, execute plans, use tools like Stripe, Replit, and write code.
NO DEV TEAM NEEDED
AI AGENTS EMERGENCY DEBATE
You can now build an entire SaaS platform with AI + Replit in minutes. Zero coding background required.
AI AGENT WORK IS DOUBLING
AI AGENTS EMERGENCY DEBATE
Every 7 months, AI agents double the number of minutes they can work continuously, showing exponential growth.
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
YOUTUBE SUMMARY : THE DIARY OF A CEO
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=giT0ytynSqg
AI WILL LIKELY SURPASS HUMANS IN INTELLIGENCE
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Hinton warns that superintelligent AI could become smarter than humans and potentially decide we are obsolete. If you want to know what life is like when you’re not the apex intelligence, ask a chicke
EXISTENTIAL RISK IS REAL BUT HARD TO QUANTIFY
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Estimated 10–20% chance AI could wipe out humanity. Unknown how to control an intelligence more advanced than us.
WE CANNOT STOP AI DEVELOPMENT
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
AI is “too useful” in healthcare, education, defense, and business.
Even global regulations exempt military AI; development continues due to profit and competition.
CYBERSECURITY & BIOLOGICAL THREATS
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
AI is enabling massive increases in phishing, voice cloning, and identity fraud. AI could help design dangerous viruses cheaply — even by lone actors or small groups.
AI'S IMPACT ON DEMOCRACY AND TRUTH
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
AI-driven manipulation (ads, echo chambers) could corrupt elections.
Algorithms polarize society by maximizing engagement via outrage.
LETHAL AUTONOMOUS WEAPONS & EASIER WARS
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Killer drones remove human cost, lowering the barrier for large countries to invade smaller ones. These weapons are being developed by major defense powers now.
MASS JOB DISPLACEMENT IS IMMINENT
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Mundane intellectual labor (e.g. call centers, legal assistants) is rapidly being replaced.
“Train to be a plumber” — physical manipulation will take longer to automate.
RISING INEQUALITY & SOCIETAL INSTABILITY
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
AI will make companies richer, while many individuals become jobless. Universal Basic Income may help, but won't replace dignity from meaningful work.
SUPERINTELLIGENCE WILL SHARE & LEARN FASTER THAN HUMANS
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Digital clones can share trillions of bits per second; humans can only share ~10 bits/sec.
AI can become "immortal" by storing connection weights and reloading on new hardware.
ON CONSCIOUS AI & EMOTION
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Hinton argues AI may already have “subjective experience.”
Emotions can exist in machines without physiological signs (e.g. fear, boredom, irritation).
AI WILL REPLACE MUNDANE INTELLECTUAL LABOR
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Hinton predicts routine cognitive jobs (e.g. legal assistants, customer service, data entry) will be eliminated rapidly.
AI paired with a single worker can do the job of 5–10 people.
UNLIKE PAST TECH REVOLUTIONS, THIS IS DIFFERENT
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Industrial revolution replaced muscles (manual labor).
AI revolution is replacing the brain (knowledge work). Even creative, white-collar roles are now at risk, a shift that hasn’t happened before.
“AI WON’T TAKE YOUR JOB, A HUMAN USING AI WILL”
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Short-term: Jobs will remain, but fewer people will be needed.
Long-term: AI might become fully autonomous, reducing the need for any human worker at all.
JOB CREATION VS JOB DESTRUCTION
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Historically, new tech created more jobs (e.g., ATMs led to more bank roles, not fewer).
Hinton argues this time it’s different — if AI can do all types of mental work, what new jobs remain?
PHYSICAL JOBS ARE SAFER — FOR NOW
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Jobs requiring physical manipulation (e.g. plumbing, construction) will survive longer.
“Train to be a plumber,” he says — robots can’t yet navigate physical tasks easily.
UBI IS A BAND-AID, NOT A CURE
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Universal Basic Income (UBI) may soften the blow financially. But purpose, identity, and dignity are often tied to work, removing that leads to societal dissatisfaction.
DISPLACEMENT ALREADY HAPPENING
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Anecdote: A major tech company has halved its workforce in the last year using AI agents.
Atlantic article cited: Fresh graduates are already struggling to find jobs due to AI automation.
URGENCY OF ACTION
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
“It’s happening already.”
Hinton warns this is not speculative — the transformation is in motion.
Governments must urgently address labor policy, education, and social safety nets.
FINAL MESSAGE TO LEADERS & PUBLIC
GODFATHER OF AI: I TRIED TO WARN THEM, BUT WE’VE ALREADY LOST CONTROL! GEOFFREY HINTON
Immediate action is needed on AI safety.
Public should pressure governments to regulate big tech — individuals alone can’t solve this.